Salai Van Lian Thang
14 Jan 2014
Insein ral i tuknak hi ni 112 a rau, Karen ralkap 500 leng an thi. Zingkhat kahnak ah minung 120 in 200 renglo hma an pu i tih a rak nung tuk. Nunnak tam ngai a dih. Tuanbia ah tan peng dawh in a um i; Karen zong nih an tial, Chin zong nih kan tial, Kawl zong nih an tial ngai tawn.
Ral nih an rak lak dih deng ko cang caah U Nu Cozah kha international media nih ''Rangon Government'' tiah an rak kawh cang, tiah ralkap kong tialtu Mawng Aung Myoe nih ''the government of the time admitted that large sections of the countryside was under complete domination of the insurgents'' tiah a tial. (Ref: Maung Aung Myoe, Building the Tatmadaw: Myanmar Armed Forces since 1944, Pp 16). ''Karen tupung KNDO le Communist tupung BCP nih an rak laak dih deng taktak khi a si ko'', tiah a chim.
Cu dirhmun a phan cangmi cu chanh tthan dih awkah 1st Chin Rifles cu ''tavuan'' an rak pek hna. Col. Hrang Thio hruaimi Chin ralkap nih nunnak tampi thap in an rak lak than. Insein ral a tu vemi Col. Vankulh nih ''Col. Hrang Thio, BGM rak um hlah seh law Yangon khualipi cu ral kut chungah a tla cang hnga. Col. Hrang Thio nih Yangon Khualipi cu a rak khamh, Yangon khua humtu a si'' tiah a tuanbia ah a tial.
''Sawbwagyigon ral kutin kan lak lioah kan mah leiin ralbawi pahnih le ralkap pahra an thi. Lt. Ca Thuan cu ka kut chungah a thi, a thih hlan deuhah inn lei cah na duhmi a um maw? tial ka hal. A mit a hun au i a thaw khin tlawmte a von chim lioah a caat colh. A tuar a har tuk hringhran, kaa in chim khawh a si lo'' tiah a tial. (Ref: The Autobiograpy of Zaya Kyaw Htin Col. Van Kulh, pp.39-42). Cutin ral kut chung a um dih hnik ko cangmi Kawlram khualipi cu Chin ralkap nih May 22, 1949 ah an rak lak than khawh dih. Col. Hrang Thio zong ral kutin a nunnak a liam phah. Pafim, pa raltha; kum 28 long a rak si. Ram pumpi nih a sunglawibik ''State Funeral'' in a ruak an rak suan. Hi pa nih Hakha leiin Yangon ah sianghleiruun a kai hmasabikmi Zipeng Zahu kha a har tuk caah a inn ah a rak umter i; a rak cawm. Miphun a rak dawt i a nun a rak i dawh tuk. Vuancichok zong a thih ni ahcun a dang tiang a khar i a holh kho lo; a ngaih a rak chia tuk. (cheukhat nih a fanu he zong a rak pesa hna an ti). Cu tluk cun uar a rak um.
Cheukhat nih Insein ral tuknak ah Chin miphun hna kan chanbia hi Kawl nih hlohpiak dih an kan timh, tiah tulio chim a tam ngaingai i; zeimaw tiang cu a hman hrim lai timi zumhnak ka ngei. Nain, hun dirpi ka duhmi cu: hi tuanbia hi hloh khawh a si hrimhrim lai lo timi kha a si.
Tulio Kawlram minthangbik media pakhat The Irrawaddy Editor Aung Zaw nih khin ''The Battle of Insein Never Really Ended'' timi capar 2009 khan a rak tial i vawleipi rel dingin a rak thlah. Cu capar chung ahcun ''the most decisive role in defending Insein was played by the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Chin Rifles, fighting on what is regarded as the most strategic battle front of all'' tiah a tial. Hihi Pu Thang Za Dal nih a cauk 'the Zo people of Bangladesh, Burma and India, pp.86'' timi ah a tial than ve. Aung Zaw nih a capar i biahram a laknak hi Insein ral ruangah Thurah raltthatnak tiang a rak hmu vemi Thurah U Tun Tin; hnu ahcun chikkhatte Prime Minister tiang a phan i; 1988 ah aa dinmi nih tlamtling ngai in Insein i-dohnak kong cauk in a tialmi chungin cherhchanh a va lakmi a si. Cucaah rinhtlak a si i; thil dik tein a chimmi Kawlmi zong hi an rak um ve len ko in a lang caah; Insein i dohnak ah Chin pasaltha hna kan chanbia kha hloh khawh a si lai lo, ti ka zumh.
Thil pakhat ruakawk tu a um. Laimi tam nawn nih khalio U Nu Cozah khamhtu taktak kha Chin rifle long deuhin kan chim deuh ve ton i; ram hmun ka kipah ral a rak tu ve lenmi Shan, Gurkha, Kachin ralkap zong an rak um ve kha kan philh sual dengmang tawn. Thurah Tun Tin nih '' soldiers from different regions of Burma helped to defend Rangoon. The most decisive role in defending Insein was played by the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Chin Rifles'' tiah a tial. Chin ralkap hi a biapibik in Insein a rak khamhtu taktak cu kan rak si nain miphun dang zong an rak cawl ve ko, ti kha a chim. Hihi biahman a si ko lai, ti ka zumh.
Cun Aung San Thuriya ralthatnak hi kum 1951 in cun an pe ti lo i; hi min tthatnak a hmumi an zapi minung 6 an si. Cu chungah Kawlmi hi pa 2 long an si i; midang vialte hi Karen in minung 2, Chin in pakhat, Gurkha in pakhat an si. (Ref. Ardeth Maung Thawnghmung, The Other Karen in Myanmar: Ethnic Minorities and Struggle without arms, Pp 124). Hinih a langhter mi cu: kum 1948 in 1951 kar-ah Karen ral, KMT ral, CPB ral dohnak ah miphun dang ralkap zong U Nu Cozah leiin a rak tang lenmi an um ko, ti kha a langhter. Cucu Kawl cheukhat nih fakpi in an cawi hlir i; Chin ralkap kongkha thlau an i timh tawn.
KNDO le BCP tupung hi an rak tthawn tuk ve caah U Nu Cozah zong an kuan le zen a rak dih hnik cang i; zeitindah kan tuah lai, tiah awklokchong in an rak um. Cu caan lioah an rak i bochan ngaimi zong Chin politician tthiamthiam an rak si. ''Parliament Secretary Captain Mang Tung Nung kha India ramah Prime Minister Nehru sin an thlah zokzok i, hriamnam cu a va zalh'' tiah Dr. Vum Son nih a tial. ''Major Kap Za Thang zong U Nu Cozah palai in ral sinah heh an rak thlah i; an rak i bochan ngai'', tiah a tial. (Ref. Vum Son, Zo History, Pp-199).
Insein ral ah Chin pasaltha hna kong hi U Nu zong nih Vuncichoh a tuan chungah Union Day le Martyrs Day ahcun a biachim ah a rak chimchih zungzal ko, tiah an chim. Cun U Nu Cozah nih 1st Chin Rifile chungin Insein raltuk ruangah mintthatnak phunphun a pekmi: Aung San Thuriya Thai Chon, Thiha Thriya Ca Thuan lengah Thura min tthatnak pekmi Hniar Ceu, Thang Sui, Ngun Nawl, Rung Ling tbt lengluang an um. Hi nih Insein ral lioah Chin pasaltha hna tuanbia thlau khawh a si lo zia kha a langhter. War Office roca le Defense Museum in hlonh khawh a si ti lai lo.
Cun ralkap mintthatnak sangbik Aung San Thuriya a hmumi pa 6 hna an tuanbia hi kan zoh tikah Karen ral ituknak ruangah a hmumi hi pa 4 an si. Midang cu CPB le KMT ral tuk ruangah an si. Karen ral he i tuk ruangah raltthatnak a hmumi hi kan zoh than tikah: Daik U ituknak, Yethogyi ituknak, Tachileik ituknak hnaah ralthatnak kha an hmuh cio. Insein ral i tuknak ruangah Aung San Thuriya a hmumi kha pakhat hmanh an um lo; Pu Thai Chawn longlong hi Insein ral tuknak ruangah Aung San Thuriya a hmumi umchun a si. Hi nih Insein ral ituknak ah Chin miphun kan raltthatnak le chanbia ah hloh duh zongah hloh khawh kan si lonak kha tette a langhter.
Hi lengah Aung San Thuriya pekmi ralkap 5 hi cu an thih hnuah pekmi longte an si. Pu Thai Cawn long hi a nun lio teah pekmi a si. Pu Van Kulh nih '' Bogyi Thai Cawn cu a raltthat hleiah a van a ttha (hair breath) ral kutin samfang tia in a luat lengmang caan hi a tampi'' a ti. (Vankulh, pp-46). Cun Aung San Thuriya medal hi Kawlram ahcun a sangcem raltthat mintthatnak cu si kaw a hmumi hna an tuanbia hi cauk in an chuahpiak dih ngot hna. Kei zong Pu Thai Chon cauk hi ka no deuh lioah ka rak rel ve bal i; rel a nuam hringhran. Insein ral a tuve mi khi rel lio ah cun kan lo ko. Catialtu kha ''Ttak Ka Tu Sein Tin'' ti a si. Insein idohnak ah Chinmi tuanbia cu tling nawn tein Kawlca in a tial i fawi tein cun a tlau ti lai lo. Rak rel cio te hrim u.
Cun biadang deuhah vawlei ralpi pahnihnak a dih hrongah Mirang Cozah tang kan um lio khan cun Kawlram ''ralkap chung ahhin Kawl hi 1893, Karen 2578, Indians 2578, Chins 1258, Kachin 852 an si'', tiah Bertil Lintner nih a tial. (Ref: Bertil Lintner: Aung San Suu Kyi and Burma Struggle for Democracy, Pp 112). Kawlmi ralkap a tuanmi hi Chin le Karen zat hmanh an rak si lo; an rak tlawmte.
Independence kan hmuh tikah Kawl ralkap cu Maung Aung Myoe nih ''very weak, small and disunited'' an si lengah a phunphun in an i do fawn. Buainak nganbik cu Mirang cungah titsa a ngeimi Karen ralbawi le Bama Myochit Tatmadaw aa timi Bamar ralbawi i-dohnak a si. Kawl ralbawi nih Mirang Cozah chan ralkap a rak tuanmi cu Kyesar Sittha, ''soldiers serving for foreigners for living'', tiah an rak hmuh hna i, an mah tu cu: Myochit Sitthar, ''soldier serving their own people'', tiah an rak i hmu. Karen, Kachin, Chin ralkap hna cu Mirang a tanhmi ''pro west'' ''pro Britist'' an rak ti hna, tiah a tial. (Ref: Maung Aung Myoe, Building the Tatmadaw: Myanmar Armed Forces since 1944, Pp 48).
Sihmanhsehlaw Tlangcung miphun cu a zeilei poh in an rak zat deuh caah luatnak hmuh cangka Karen ralbawi Gen Smith Dun kha ''commander-in-chief'' an rak tlaihter. Bri-Gen Saw Kyar Doe kha ''Deputy Chief of Army Staff'' an rak peek. Bo Let Ya nih Defence Minister a rak tlaih. Nain, a rau lo. Kawl nih Insein ral tuknak a hun chuah in Gen Smith Dun cu a rian in an phuah colh i; Gen. Ne Win an pek colh. Cu pa nih ''Fedral phung'' cu ''ram kehdarhnak phung'' a ti riangmang i; 1962 ah uknak a lak; kum 27 chung a kan uk; ram a hrawh dih. Tlangcungmi cu sal le ral ah a kan ser i; ramtang ah a kan dawi; nihin tiang thi a dai kho thai ti lo.
Gen Smith Dun a rian an chuh i Ne Win an peek hi ''Maha Bamar thinglung-Burmanization'' a hun i sem thoknak a si, tiah tunitiang Karen cu an lung a fak ngai. Smith Dun hi a rak ''sharp'' lengah ''discipline'' zong a rak ngei i; an rak i bochan tuk. Nain, Kawl Cozah nih lunghrinnak in 1979 tiang an hren i; cawl kho loin an rak chiah. Shanram Kalaw ah a um i; a intuarnak vialte cu dai tein leidai tangah a liampi dih. A thih hlan belah “Memoirs of the Four-Foot Colonel,” timi cauk ´pakhat a tialta i; nai-ah Cornell University nih an naampiak, tiah Irrawaddy thawngca nih a tial.
Biadonghnak:
Independence kan hmuh cangka in Kawl ralkap nih Tlangcung ralkap - Karen, Chin, Kachin hi a rak kan hmuhning a tha lo ngaingai. Tuchun ah ralkap milu tingli deng an si nain; Tlangmi cu Bohmugyi cung an kan pe duh lo. Kan kar lakah zumhlonak le hliam hma a fak ngai. Hi nih tulio Tlangmi aupimi ''Federal Tatmadaw'' timi pungsan taktak hi an kan hnatlakpi duh te hnga maw timi zumh a har ter tawn. Kawlram eksapat Bertil Lintner nihcun ''Federal Tatmadaw tak hi cu a si kho lai zumh a um lo; India ram i State Security Forces bantuk dirhmun tu khi a si kho deuh te lai'' tiah a tial. Cucu a si kho ngaingai.
Falam Christian Literature Society chuahmi cauk ah Col. Hrang Thio tuanbia hi tin an tial ''Karen pawl nih Insein khuapi an lak dih i, khuapi dang zong ral kut a phan cang. Col. Hrang Thio nih 1st Chin Rifle ralbawi pawl cu War Office ah a auh dih hna i; ral pawl doh ding kong cu an khan. Upa dang nih miphun pakhat le pakhat i remlonak ruang i a cangmi a si ruangah Laimi cu i tel lo in um ko u sih; an ti nain, Pu Hrang Thio nih a duh lo'' tiin.
Hihi a dik a si ahcun zeiruangdah luatnak hmuhka in Kawl ralbawi nih Tlangmi an kan hmuhning a tha lo ngaingai nain Chin ralkap hi Insein raltuknak ah Kawl cungah hi tlukin titsa an rak ngeih hnga, timi biahalnak a um kho. Ruahsual zong a fawi ngai. Nain, tuchunni a fiangmi cu: kan pupa nih Kawl cungah titsa an rak ngeih caah Insein ral an tuk; Karen an rak phomh hna, a si lo; ''Pinlung Agreement'' cungah titsa an rak ngeih caah ''Union of Burma'' an rak khamh duh ruangtu a rak si. Pinlung minsen an thut hnawhmi biakam ah an fek; thih tiangin an dirpi; thisen, thlanti le nunnak tampi an thap. Pasal lungput; Vapual nun ciammam.
Cu ruangah ''Union of Myanmar'' tiah hmaihngal ngaiin kum 65 chung vawleipi hmaiah a hung dir; Chin pupa hna nih ral kutin an thisen in an rak tlanh thanmi rampi cu. Nain, cu chanbia cu hloh an timh i; an i theihter duh ti lo. Hmanseh, an hlo kho bal lai lo i; theih lo khawh zong a ngah lai lo. Chin pasal rual nih kam lo chuncha bang zungzal in an hun dirpi peng ko lai.
Kum 2014:
Kawlram Harnak le a Zuamcawhtu Thil
Salai Van Lian Thang
Salai Van Lian Thang
25 Feb 2014
Tulio Kawlram dirhmun thuk deuhin
cuanh tikah harnak le a zuamcawhtu thil pali nih hauhruang bang a kan kulhmi a
lo ngai. Cu hna cu: 59(f) pohmah, remdaih chonhbiaknak, Muslim le Buddhist kar
buainak le rampi milu relnak hna an si.
Hluttaw Phunghram Zohthantu Komiti an report an chuahpi lai kha kai rak ngaih ve dom. Biathar a um te theo lai tiin. Nain, an report a hung chuak; an recommendations ka hun theih tikah ka lung a tha tuk lo. Tenek deuh le cik deuhin "zohthantu komiti" fate nih rian an pehzulh lio cu a si nain ralbawi hlun Thurah Aye Myint le Nandar Kyawsua nih an hruai lai caah kai ruahchan bang a si deuh ti lo. (Tlangmi kongkau bel zeimaw thiltha an hun remh te kho men ko!). Lung a nuam lem lomi cu: Suu Kyi President sinak khamtu pohmah " 59(f)" hi a ning tein chiah siseh, tiah mi tingkhat nih min an thut, tiah an report ah an thil chihmi bia kha a si. Hi nih ka lung an hrinter. Tingkhat nih min an thut hi a va dik pek diklo pek; hi nih a fiantermi pakhat cu- USDP leadership chungah "Suu Kyi President a si a kham duh bakmi an um" ti cu a fiang bak cang. Hi hna hi an si tiah an min hmanh rel khawh an si pah cang! Thil a poi ngaimi cu: USDP MP pakhat te nih mee a pek duh locun a zeitihmanh in hi pohmah hi remh khawh a si lai lo ding hi a si; ziahtiah mee a herhmi Hluttaw 75% civillian MPs a tlin ti lai lo caah. USDP cu um rih seh; NUP an bia le hla ngaih tikah remh duh ve dawhin an lang lo. Cu long hlah; NLD in a chuakmi NDF MP zong an um ve. Thlithup in Hluttaw ah mee an thlakter hna ahcun duhlo leiin a thla ding an um len. Hluttaw MP 75% (USDP-NUP zong nih) an va thohkhanh dih hnuah khin Tatmadaw mee pakhat tal kan herh rih hoi; cu hnuah referendum a va hau rih hnga; "legal means" cun a fawi bak ti lo; cucaah kan pi nih "political means" in ai zuam hnik; nain Thein Sein le Myint Aung Hlaing nih an tong duh hoi ti lo. 2015 election ah kan Pi hi kum 70 a si lai. 2020 Election tik cu kum 75 a si cang lai; a tar tuk cang, a cawl kho theng ti lai lo. Curuangah a zoh a chia maw chia lo ti zong ruat tuk lem loin "President si ka duh" tiah dengteo in a chim lengmang; a donkhantu pohmah remhnak kong kha pawpi nam in a nampi hna. Thil a cang khomi cu: hi pohmah an kan remhpi duh tak locun kan pi nih 2015 election hi a "boycott" te sual kho men; a "boycott" cun a hnuzul party tam nawnpi nih an dirpi te lai. Cucu Kawlram caah thiltha a si lem lo; thilpawi a cang khomi cu: fak tukin a tanhtu hna nih 1988 le 2007 uprising bang tisa tlokin kan ram an tlawhter than sual lai, timi hi a si. Tuzong a ne tete a tho pah lengmang hi mu! Tih a nung ngaimi cu: tisa tlokin kan tlok tikah "state emergency" timi min putin NDSC (kah-long) nih "ralkap kutah uknak kan pek", tiah an thanh khawh pengmi hi a si.
Cozah le hriamtlai remhdaih chonhbiaknak zong kum 3 lei kan hung lut cang. Khuaruah a harmi cu tunitiang "politik" chung taktak kan ceih kho rih lomi hi a si; phun dangcun " Self-determination le Federalism agenda" chungah kan lut rih lo; bia dangcun "constitutional issue" kan ceih kho rih lo. Hi kongah caan a la khomi biahnok deuh pakhat cu "political solutions" nakin "security sector reform" kong hi a si deuh te lai. Phun dang cun: Tatmadaw hi zeitindah "civillian controls" tangah kan kunter te hna lai, timi kong hi a fawite lai lo. Hluttaw ah ralkap 25% tthumh hmanh a fawi lo hi mu! Democracy ci a nung ngai cangmi: Kawram ralkap tuanbia he an sining ai khatmi Thailand le Pakistan ralkap tunitiang an power a tthawn tuk bang fawi tein kan nam kho rih hna lai lo, tihi a fiang. Fak deuhin kan nam sual hna cun: an ho le an kuttin zum an kan chuahhnawh than sual hoi ko lai. Hinak thil har a si khomi cu: dohthlennak tuahmi ramtang ralkap milu tingkhat hi zeitindah kan thlen hna lai, timi kong hi a si. State Security Forces, Border Guard Force, Home Guard, Palek asiloah hlan Kandy Agreement bang "Chin Rifiles" tbt. ah maw an i thlen lai, timi hi biahar pakhat a si. Tuni Vanglaini thawngca ah MNF le India Cozah remdaih bia ruangah ramtang in a hung kirmi MNA ralkap 572 chungah 555 cu Cozah rian an pek cang hna, tiah a tial. Cozah he an i rem hnu kum 28 tiangah ''MNA ralkap kongkau" an phisin kho dih rih lo tinak. Cucaah: Kawl Cozah nih ramtang ralkap tingkhat hi zeitindah a tuah te hna lai, tihi thil fawi a si lai lo. Hinak thil pawi deuh rih cu: Peace Process ah Cozah bia le Tatmadaw bia tiah bia pahnih in a hun rat lengmang mi hi a si. Hluttaw zong aw dangin a chuahchel a um. Thein Sein lei kam nih bia pakhat an hun i phorh khawh lo chung cu remdaihnak taktak ser kan har ko lai. Hi long a si lo. Ramtang hriamtlai phu chung hrimah KIO, KNU le RCSS karah zuamcawhnak a ngan ko, "Nationwide Cease-fire" zong voi tamnawn a ni an thawn cang. Hi hna izuamcawhnak karah Kawl-ngain a luh sualcun pokpalong kan cang sual lai, ti phan a um tawn. Thil a fiangpah komi cu: 2015 hlanah an bia le hla hi a dih kho manh ti lai lo. 2015 hnu Cozah kutah "peace process" hi zeitin a va um te lai, timi ruahchung awk kan har pah cang.
Hi lioah tulio Kawlram bupi a mui a hun chiaterbik mi pakhat cu: Muslim le Buddist ithahnak le idohnak hi a si. Tthat lei a panh ko lai tiah kan i ruahchan lioah; zual lei tu an panh chin lengmang. Ram buainak ah tih a nungbik le tuk a sumbik cu: biaknak le biaknak kar idohnak, zumhnak ruangah ral thawh hi a si. Kawl Phungki cheukhat nih Muslim huatnak ci an tuhmi thei a tlai chin lengmang; bia hrim an i sum ti lo. Thil tha lo ngaimi cu: puan tangin muslim huatnak ci tuhtu hna a dirkamhtu le a forhtu Kawlram milian le Cozah upa " State dark-elements" an ummi hi a si. Hi kong hi Yangon zungthu Western Embassy nih an theih; cu ruangah US le Britain Embassy komhin Statement tiang an chuah phah. Muslim ram 55 ikomhnak Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) zong nih tha tein a theih; cucaah an lung a fak chin lengmang. Pawngkam muslim ram: Indonesia le Malaysia cu an zohsawh kho ti lo. Namtong le hreitlung in va kalhnawh tiang an lung a chuak. Hi biaknak kar buainak hi Kawlram nih kum zeimazat chung cu a harbik kan tonmi thil ah a cang lai.
Tukum Kawlram nih a harbik kan ton rih dingmi cu: 30 March in 10 April 2014 chungah ram pumpi milu relnak (census) an tuah dingmi hi a si. Hnubik Cozah nih milu a kan rel cu: 1983 kumah a si; kum 31 a liam cang. Nain, kum 31 lio i a khomhcia cazin hlunpi hrambunh in milu rel a kan timh than. Kachin kha miphun 12 bakah a cheu hna; Kaya kha 9 ah a tthen hna, Karen kha 11 a chuah hna, Chin kha miphun-53 ah a kan khuai, Bamar-9, Mon -1, Arakhan-7 le Shan-33 in a fatete in a kan cheu dih; miphun kan dihlak 135 bakah a kan chuah. Hlan chanpi in miphunpi ruahnak a ngeimi ralkap Cozah nih an dirpi pengmi pawlasi cu "Kawlram cu miphun tamtuk cawhnak ram a si caah Federal ramkomh taktak ser khawh a si lo; kan ser ahcun ram fatete in Kawlram hi a kekdarh lai, hi tluk a tammi miphun umnak ram hi a tthawngmi ralkap nih tlaihkhih peng a hau" ti kha an dirhpi peng. Cu an pawlasi an dirpi khawhnak hnga: miphun tampi ah an kan chuah, heh an kan thek i a kan cheu tawn. Hihi hohmanh nih kan duh lo; phu kip nih kan doh, Shan nih an doh, Karen nih an al, Chin zong nih kan duhlonak kan langhter cang. Nain, pah chih an i timh cuahmah ko in a lang. Cu ruangah vawleipi buainak ngiathlaitu minthang ICG phu nih "Myanmar Conflict Alert: A Risky Census" tiah report an hun chuah. Hi milu relnak nih "meibang Kawlram a alhter kho; tulio remdaih biachonhnak le democracy thlennak zong a hrawh kho; biahalnak phun 41 an sermi zong tih a nung tuk" tiah ralrin an pek. Netherland hrambunh transitional Institute zong nih "Ethnicity without Meaning, Data without Context" tiah ca an hun chuah ve; "sullam ngei lomi miphun tthenning a si; miphun hna karah buainak fakpiin a chuahter kho" an hun ti ve.
Biadonghnak:
Kawlram ai thleng maw ti ahcun fakpi in ai thleng ko. Chim-cawk khi a si lai lo. Nain, hi thlennak cu ralkap Cozah nih "hi vial hi va si te seh" tiah an rak suaisam ciami chungin a cangmi longte an si.
Mipi duhmi le Tlangmi duhmi thlennak phun taktak kha a chuak kho rih lo. Cu kan duhmi thlennak taktak lei kan tlikpi lai kan hun ti lioah harnak le zuamcawhnak phunphun nih a hun kan kulh cang! Cucu kan pi Tamadah sinak khamtu 59(f) pohmah, Peace-Talks, biaknak-kar buainak le milurelnak hna kha an si bik. Thil pahnih ralrin deuh kan hau rua, tiah ka ruah.
Pakhat cu: Kawlram mi hi kan duhlonak kan langhter tikah a zatawk ti kan thei thiam tawn lo. Luan kan hmang. Mihrut zudinh hna kan lo deng tawn. Thil fawitein phisin khomi zong kha zalam tlangah a tomtom in chuah thengmang in doh-au kha kan i ziak ngai cang. Doh-au phung cu a si ko; nain kan duhnak a langhter zia cu kan thiam pah deuh a hau ko rua lai.
Thil pawi deuh a simi cu: mipi nih duhlonak langhter tikah Cozah leiin zeitindah kan leh lai timi a tawlrel dan an thiam bak lomi hi a si. Sa le ral bang zuanhnawh an hmang. Nunau in hngakchia tiang maisam in an kan sam; an kan ngan tawn lo. Ram muihmai an chiatter tuk tawn. Thil zualbik cu: mipi buai deuh poahah "ram a kuai cikcek hlante ah ka khamh-manh" tiah ralkap nih uknak lak an hman tawnmi hi a si. Hi an zia hi cu an tthinh bak a hau ve te lai.
Tukum ah Asean Summit Kawlram ah a um lai. East Asia Summit tbt. International meetings tampi a um lai. President Obama le vawlei rampa bikbik zong an rak kan tlong lai. Vawlei mipipa tampi khual kan ngei lai; an tlung lai; an ra lai. Kan chungkhar harnak le buainak tete kan itawlrel tikah ram innpa le ramdang hmaiah mual kan pho deuh sual lai, ti hi phan a um deuh lengmang. Zeikhom a si-ah ram cu Khuazing Pathian ta a si ko; ram a nganfah a sau ko cang; kan ram hi damter ve cang ko seh!
Hluttaw Phunghram Zohthantu Komiti an report an chuahpi lai kha kai rak ngaih ve dom. Biathar a um te theo lai tiin. Nain, an report a hung chuak; an recommendations ka hun theih tikah ka lung a tha tuk lo. Tenek deuh le cik deuhin "zohthantu komiti" fate nih rian an pehzulh lio cu a si nain ralbawi hlun Thurah Aye Myint le Nandar Kyawsua nih an hruai lai caah kai ruahchan bang a si deuh ti lo. (Tlangmi kongkau bel zeimaw thiltha an hun remh te kho men ko!). Lung a nuam lem lomi cu: Suu Kyi President sinak khamtu pohmah " 59(f)" hi a ning tein chiah siseh, tiah mi tingkhat nih min an thut, tiah an report ah an thil chihmi bia kha a si. Hi nih ka lung an hrinter. Tingkhat nih min an thut hi a va dik pek diklo pek; hi nih a fiantermi pakhat cu- USDP leadership chungah "Suu Kyi President a si a kham duh bakmi an um" ti cu a fiang bak cang. Hi hna hi an si tiah an min hmanh rel khawh an si pah cang! Thil a poi ngaimi cu: USDP MP pakhat te nih mee a pek duh locun a zeitihmanh in hi pohmah hi remh khawh a si lai lo ding hi a si; ziahtiah mee a herhmi Hluttaw 75% civillian MPs a tlin ti lai lo caah. USDP cu um rih seh; NUP an bia le hla ngaih tikah remh duh ve dawhin an lang lo. Cu long hlah; NLD in a chuakmi NDF MP zong an um ve. Thlithup in Hluttaw ah mee an thlakter hna ahcun duhlo leiin a thla ding an um len. Hluttaw MP 75% (USDP-NUP zong nih) an va thohkhanh dih hnuah khin Tatmadaw mee pakhat tal kan herh rih hoi; cu hnuah referendum a va hau rih hnga; "legal means" cun a fawi bak ti lo; cucaah kan pi nih "political means" in ai zuam hnik; nain Thein Sein le Myint Aung Hlaing nih an tong duh hoi ti lo. 2015 election ah kan Pi hi kum 70 a si lai. 2020 Election tik cu kum 75 a si cang lai; a tar tuk cang, a cawl kho theng ti lai lo. Curuangah a zoh a chia maw chia lo ti zong ruat tuk lem loin "President si ka duh" tiah dengteo in a chim lengmang; a donkhantu pohmah remhnak kong kha pawpi nam in a nampi hna. Thil a cang khomi cu: hi pohmah an kan remhpi duh tak locun kan pi nih 2015 election hi a "boycott" te sual kho men; a "boycott" cun a hnuzul party tam nawnpi nih an dirpi te lai. Cucu Kawlram caah thiltha a si lem lo; thilpawi a cang khomi cu: fak tukin a tanhtu hna nih 1988 le 2007 uprising bang tisa tlokin kan ram an tlawhter than sual lai, timi hi a si. Tuzong a ne tete a tho pah lengmang hi mu! Tih a nung ngaimi cu: tisa tlokin kan tlok tikah "state emergency" timi min putin NDSC (kah-long) nih "ralkap kutah uknak kan pek", tiah an thanh khawh pengmi hi a si.
Cozah le hriamtlai remhdaih chonhbiaknak zong kum 3 lei kan hung lut cang. Khuaruah a harmi cu tunitiang "politik" chung taktak kan ceih kho rih lomi hi a si; phun dangcun " Self-determination le Federalism agenda" chungah kan lut rih lo; bia dangcun "constitutional issue" kan ceih kho rih lo. Hi kongah caan a la khomi biahnok deuh pakhat cu "political solutions" nakin "security sector reform" kong hi a si deuh te lai. Phun dang cun: Tatmadaw hi zeitindah "civillian controls" tangah kan kunter te hna lai, timi kong hi a fawite lai lo. Hluttaw ah ralkap 25% tthumh hmanh a fawi lo hi mu! Democracy ci a nung ngai cangmi: Kawram ralkap tuanbia he an sining ai khatmi Thailand le Pakistan ralkap tunitiang an power a tthawn tuk bang fawi tein kan nam kho rih hna lai lo, tihi a fiang. Fak deuhin kan nam sual hna cun: an ho le an kuttin zum an kan chuahhnawh than sual hoi ko lai. Hinak thil har a si khomi cu: dohthlennak tuahmi ramtang ralkap milu tingkhat hi zeitindah kan thlen hna lai, timi kong hi a si. State Security Forces, Border Guard Force, Home Guard, Palek asiloah hlan Kandy Agreement bang "Chin Rifiles" tbt. ah maw an i thlen lai, timi hi biahar pakhat a si. Tuni Vanglaini thawngca ah MNF le India Cozah remdaih bia ruangah ramtang in a hung kirmi MNA ralkap 572 chungah 555 cu Cozah rian an pek cang hna, tiah a tial. Cozah he an i rem hnu kum 28 tiangah ''MNA ralkap kongkau" an phisin kho dih rih lo tinak. Cucaah: Kawl Cozah nih ramtang ralkap tingkhat hi zeitindah a tuah te hna lai, tihi thil fawi a si lai lo. Hinak thil pawi deuh rih cu: Peace Process ah Cozah bia le Tatmadaw bia tiah bia pahnih in a hun rat lengmang mi hi a si. Hluttaw zong aw dangin a chuahchel a um. Thein Sein lei kam nih bia pakhat an hun i phorh khawh lo chung cu remdaihnak taktak ser kan har ko lai. Hi long a si lo. Ramtang hriamtlai phu chung hrimah KIO, KNU le RCSS karah zuamcawhnak a ngan ko, "Nationwide Cease-fire" zong voi tamnawn a ni an thawn cang. Hi hna izuamcawhnak karah Kawl-ngain a luh sualcun pokpalong kan cang sual lai, ti phan a um tawn. Thil a fiangpah komi cu: 2015 hlanah an bia le hla hi a dih kho manh ti lai lo. 2015 hnu Cozah kutah "peace process" hi zeitin a va um te lai, timi ruahchung awk kan har pah cang.
Hi lioah tulio Kawlram bupi a mui a hun chiaterbik mi pakhat cu: Muslim le Buddist ithahnak le idohnak hi a si. Tthat lei a panh ko lai tiah kan i ruahchan lioah; zual lei tu an panh chin lengmang. Ram buainak ah tih a nungbik le tuk a sumbik cu: biaknak le biaknak kar idohnak, zumhnak ruangah ral thawh hi a si. Kawl Phungki cheukhat nih Muslim huatnak ci an tuhmi thei a tlai chin lengmang; bia hrim an i sum ti lo. Thil tha lo ngaimi cu: puan tangin muslim huatnak ci tuhtu hna a dirkamhtu le a forhtu Kawlram milian le Cozah upa " State dark-elements" an ummi hi a si. Hi kong hi Yangon zungthu Western Embassy nih an theih; cu ruangah US le Britain Embassy komhin Statement tiang an chuah phah. Muslim ram 55 ikomhnak Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) zong nih tha tein a theih; cucaah an lung a fak chin lengmang. Pawngkam muslim ram: Indonesia le Malaysia cu an zohsawh kho ti lo. Namtong le hreitlung in va kalhnawh tiang an lung a chuak. Hi biaknak kar buainak hi Kawlram nih kum zeimazat chung cu a harbik kan tonmi thil ah a cang lai.
Tukum Kawlram nih a harbik kan ton rih dingmi cu: 30 March in 10 April 2014 chungah ram pumpi milu relnak (census) an tuah dingmi hi a si. Hnubik Cozah nih milu a kan rel cu: 1983 kumah a si; kum 31 a liam cang. Nain, kum 31 lio i a khomhcia cazin hlunpi hrambunh in milu rel a kan timh than. Kachin kha miphun 12 bakah a cheu hna; Kaya kha 9 ah a tthen hna, Karen kha 11 a chuah hna, Chin kha miphun-53 ah a kan khuai, Bamar-9, Mon -1, Arakhan-7 le Shan-33 in a fatete in a kan cheu dih; miphun kan dihlak 135 bakah a kan chuah. Hlan chanpi in miphunpi ruahnak a ngeimi ralkap Cozah nih an dirpi pengmi pawlasi cu "Kawlram cu miphun tamtuk cawhnak ram a si caah Federal ramkomh taktak ser khawh a si lo; kan ser ahcun ram fatete in Kawlram hi a kekdarh lai, hi tluk a tammi miphun umnak ram hi a tthawngmi ralkap nih tlaihkhih peng a hau" ti kha an dirhpi peng. Cu an pawlasi an dirpi khawhnak hnga: miphun tampi ah an kan chuah, heh an kan thek i a kan cheu tawn. Hihi hohmanh nih kan duh lo; phu kip nih kan doh, Shan nih an doh, Karen nih an al, Chin zong nih kan duhlonak kan langhter cang. Nain, pah chih an i timh cuahmah ko in a lang. Cu ruangah vawleipi buainak ngiathlaitu minthang ICG phu nih "Myanmar Conflict Alert: A Risky Census" tiah report an hun chuah. Hi milu relnak nih "meibang Kawlram a alhter kho; tulio remdaih biachonhnak le democracy thlennak zong a hrawh kho; biahalnak phun 41 an sermi zong tih a nung tuk" tiah ralrin an pek. Netherland hrambunh transitional Institute zong nih "Ethnicity without Meaning, Data without Context" tiah ca an hun chuah ve; "sullam ngei lomi miphun tthenning a si; miphun hna karah buainak fakpiin a chuahter kho" an hun ti ve.
Biadonghnak:
Kawlram ai thleng maw ti ahcun fakpi in ai thleng ko. Chim-cawk khi a si lai lo. Nain, hi thlennak cu ralkap Cozah nih "hi vial hi va si te seh" tiah an rak suaisam ciami chungin a cangmi longte an si.
Mipi duhmi le Tlangmi duhmi thlennak phun taktak kha a chuak kho rih lo. Cu kan duhmi thlennak taktak lei kan tlikpi lai kan hun ti lioah harnak le zuamcawhnak phunphun nih a hun kan kulh cang! Cucu kan pi Tamadah sinak khamtu 59(f) pohmah, Peace-Talks, biaknak-kar buainak le milurelnak hna kha an si bik. Thil pahnih ralrin deuh kan hau rua, tiah ka ruah.
Pakhat cu: Kawlram mi hi kan duhlonak kan langhter tikah a zatawk ti kan thei thiam tawn lo. Luan kan hmang. Mihrut zudinh hna kan lo deng tawn. Thil fawitein phisin khomi zong kha zalam tlangah a tomtom in chuah thengmang in doh-au kha kan i ziak ngai cang. Doh-au phung cu a si ko; nain kan duhnak a langhter zia cu kan thiam pah deuh a hau ko rua lai.
Thil pawi deuh a simi cu: mipi nih duhlonak langhter tikah Cozah leiin zeitindah kan leh lai timi a tawlrel dan an thiam bak lomi hi a si. Sa le ral bang zuanhnawh an hmang. Nunau in hngakchia tiang maisam in an kan sam; an kan ngan tawn lo. Ram muihmai an chiatter tuk tawn. Thil zualbik cu: mipi buai deuh poahah "ram a kuai cikcek hlante ah ka khamh-manh" tiah ralkap nih uknak lak an hman tawnmi hi a si. Hi an zia hi cu an tthinh bak a hau ve te lai.
Tukum ah Asean Summit Kawlram ah a um lai. East Asia Summit tbt. International meetings tampi a um lai. President Obama le vawlei rampa bikbik zong an rak kan tlong lai. Vawlei mipipa tampi khual kan ngei lai; an tlung lai; an ra lai. Kan chungkhar harnak le buainak tete kan itawlrel tikah ram innpa le ramdang hmaiah mual kan pho deuh sual lai, ti hi phan a um deuh lengmang. Zeikhom a si-ah ram cu Khuazing Pathian ta a si ko; ram a nganfah a sau ko cang; kan ram hi damter ve cang ko seh!
No comments:
Post a Comment