CHIN HOLH ZEIZAT DAH A UM?

Pu Lian Uk

Ca`ial tikah Anthropology, History, Legal idea, Literature, Logic timi hi ruah tonh dih in hmuhning phunphun a um khomi purhdah tonhchunh in `ial I zuammi a si. Cucaah voikhat article relnak in ruahnak tampi a pawimi ca si kho seh ti hi kan i zuam ngai. Cu lawng si loin atu hi holh kong bantuk ah rak theih a herh ve ngaimi Chinram township pa kua le Mizoram, Asho Chin lak, Naga lak i cawhmeih in um lio, a kenza Laimi nunning le khuaruahning zazat le holh hmanning practical ton cangmi cungah hngat in, `ialmi deuh a si. Cucaah hi capar cu ramrian khelnak ah lunglut ngai in theihduhnak a ngeimi mipawl nih rel awk `ha ngai in ka hmuhpiak hna. Lairam chung ramuknak ah

zapi ca siarem deuh dingin le fawi deuh dingin rak tuahmi, atu ah Tedim-Tonzang peng timi Mirang chan lio Tedim Sub-Division rak timi ah khin;

• Zo holh,

• Teizang holh,

• Kamhau-Sukte holh,

• Sizaang holh,

• Khuano pawl, le Dim pawl holh hi aw dang in an chim ahcun Chinmi holh `eng tete hi an rak um cio hna.

Cawn loin i theih khawhmi maw, raulote ah I theih khawhmi holh `eng lawngte an si. Manipur i Paite holh le Kuki holh timi khi Tedim holh he hin cawn loin maw, raulote ah maw i theih khawhmi holh an si. Abik in Tedim khua holh rak timi (Kamhau-Sukte) holh hi Tonzang Tedim peng Sianginn ah Mirang chan in independent hnu tiang cawn an i hrawmmi a si. Cucaah an peng hnih in an thiam dih, an holh khawh dih. Tedim holh tiin holh khat ah chiah khawh an si. Atu lio Falam peng timi Mirang chan lio Falam Sub-Division ah hin;

• Ngon holh,

• Zaniat holh,

• Tlaisun holh,

• Hualngo holh,

• Hlawnceu tlang Laizo-Sim-Zahau hna holh hrawm,

• Khualsim holh, ti an um.

Cawn loin i theih khawhmi holh lawngte an si. Mirang chan in Falam peng chung vialte sianginn ah Hlawnceu tlang Laizo holh hi I hrawm dih in cawnmi a si. Cucaah a peng chung zapi an thiam dihmi a si i, Falam holh tiin holh khat ah chiah khawh dih an si. Nihin ni Matupi peng, Thantlang peng, Haka peng thum timi Mirang chan lio Haka Subdivision timi ah hin;

• Haka holh,

• Tluanglo khuatlang holh. Hi holh hi zeimawzatte in Haka holh he aa dang deuhmite a si. (Tluanglo ti cu Zolo zong a si lo, Lailo zong a si lo, Facang cin khawh nak vawlei umnak ti khi a si. Thantlang Cinzah bawi rak uknak hmunhma a rak tam caah hlan lioah Thantlang peng ti zong a rak si `heu ko. Asinain atu chan Thantlang peng ti tikah hlanlio hmunhmaning si ti loin a kau deuh cang. Cucaah Haka- Thantlang holh aa neih ko bu ah dannak a um ve ning, Kaa dang Matupi, Thantlang, Haka pengmi nih rak theih ve awk `ha a si ve. Cucaah tu hlan lio kawhning ah “Tluanglo lei holh” tiin vunkawh zong hi duh khawhmi ngai a hung si.),

• Zotungtlang holh,

• Zopheitlang holh,

• Laututlang holh,

• Maratlang holh,

• Senthangtlang holh.

Matupi khuatlang pawl holh chung ve ah;

• Cintlang holh,

• Ngala holh,

• Dium or Ta-ua holh,

• Dai holh ti hi an rak um.

Asinain Mirang chan in Independent hmuh hnupi tiang Haka holh kha a peng thum chung sianginn vialte ah cawn an i hrawm dih.

Cucaah Haka holh cherhchan in `ialmi holh kha atu lio Matupi/Thantlang/Haka pengthum in an rak theih an rak thiam dih ngawt. Atu Haka/Thantlang pengchung khuami tampi nakin atu Matupi peng mi nih hin an i hrawmmi holh cu thiamdeuh ngai in an rak chim. Atu Haka he peng an `hen hnuning Matupi Myonay umning in kan chim ahcun, Mara holh, Zotung holh, Cingtlang holh, Ta-ua or Dium holh, Daiholh, Ngala holh tiin a um.

Asinain Cintlang holh, Dium holh, Ngala holh, le Daiholh hi cawn loin an i theihpiak dih. Cucaah holh khat ah chiah khawh an si. An peng thum Haka, Thantlang, Matupi an zapi in Haka holh hi an pengthum i pehtleihnak ah an hmanmi ngai a si. Cucaah Haka holh cherhchan in `ialmi ca cu an zapi holh ah chiahpiak `heumi an si. Haka holh timi cu Haka holh lawng a si ti lo i, Matupi holh zong ti khawhmi a si, Thantlang holh zong ti khawh a si ko. Lungngo, Rezua holh zong ti khawh si i, Lailempi holh zong Zophai holh zong Mara holh ti khawhmi a si dih. Atu Kanpetlet-Mindat peng hnih hi Mirang Chan lio in Kanpetlet Sub Division timi a si ve. Hi ka hin;

• Cindwe holh,

• Dai holh,

• M’kang holh,

• Muin holh,

• Roung`u holh ti a rak um.

Asinain Muin timi Mindat holh kan timi cu an zapi an theih dih. Mirang chan ah Muin holh hi (Bongholh bik cherhchan in `ialmi) kha sianginn ah rak chimh balmi a si. An i neih tuk dih caah dik Mindat holh timi hi an theih dih. Cucaah holh khat ah Mindat/Kanpetlet holh tiin chiah khawh a si. Paletwa Sub Division timi ah hin;

• Khumi holh,

• Mro holh,

• Daiholh ah ruah deuhmi Lemru va

hrawn holh ti hi a um.

• Mara holh a chimmi khuazong tlawmpal an um ve.

Asinain Khumi holh hi an phu zapi in theih dihmi a si. Khumi cazong hi an peng pumpi in cawnmi a rak si. Cucaah Paletwa holh tiah pakhat in chiah khawhmi a si. Lairam pumpuluk ah Tedim holh, Falam holh, Haka holh, Mindat-Kanpetlet holh, Paletwah holh ti cu amah le a peng cio ah theih dih ciomi i hrawmmi holh panga ah ruahmi ngai an si ko cang. A peng chung cio holh `engdang zong nih hi holh panga an thiam cio ko bu ah anmah le an khua le khuatlang holh kha hman khawh rih `hiam a si. Zapi nih theihmi holh deuh ti ruahnak he hi holh panga hi a hleice in chim deuhmi a si. Cu ti ruahning cu ahohmanh nih kan pom khawh lo awk a um lomi a si.

- Asho Chinholh hi Rawn Laimi lakah cun hman bikmi a si. Kanpetlet peng chung Cindwe holh he hin cawn loin maw, raulote ah maw i theih khawhmi asi caah holh khat in chiah khawh a si.

- Mro holh timi hi Arakan lei Chinmi ah cun hman ngaimi a si ve. Matupi peng chung Rengkheng lei Ta-ua holh he hin aa neih ngai. Cawn loin maw raulote ah I theihpiak khawhmi holh an si caah holh khat in chiah khawh a si.

Mizoram lei holhmi Hmar holh le Duhlian holh cu Falam peng, Hualngo holh he cawn loin theih khawhmi nakhmanh in aa khatmi lawngte ti khawh an si ve ko. Cucaah Duhlian holh khat in chiah khawh a si.

Hi Laimi holh vialte kan hman ciomi hi a thlungpi ahcun Tibeto-Burman language tiah holh lei lawngte cawnnak kaupi a ngeimi hna nih an `ial. Cu Tibeto-Burman holh a chimmi atu Kawlram bupi chung a ummi hi aa neih deuhmi cio in vunkop dih cio tikah phu hnih ah kop a si. Chin-Kachin holh kop phukhat le Kawl-Danu-Yaw-Yakhaing holh ti kop phu khat in chiah tikah phu hnih in `hen a si. Khi phu hnih ahhin Linguistic pawl nih an `ialning ah cun;

Chin-Kachin Group cu a vun i `hen `han tikah Kachin group le Chin-Naga group ah aa `hen`han. Naga holh lakah hin Tangkhul holh le An-gami holh hna khi cu Chin State chung holh he aa neih ngai i, Chin State chung holh dang he hin a dang in `hen awk ah a har vemi in hmuh a si. An-gami Naga nih khin, “Ka pa = father ,” ti cu, “a po,” an ti i, Senthangtlang, Zophaitlang he a dik bak in an i khat kho ngai hna.

A cunglei Tedim holh group, Falam holh group, Haka-Matupi holh group, Kanpetlet - Mindat holh group, Paletwa holh group timi vialte chung holh hi Chinholh pakhat chungah Chinholh dang tampi aa cawh meihmi holh lawngte a si. Cu chungah Falam peng ah khin Zahau, Sim, Hlawnceu tlang, Khualsim ti pawl khi Haka holh he cawn loin i theih khawh veve mi holh an si. Cawn loin i theih khawhmi holh cu (mutually intelligible dialects) an ti. Cu holh he a vun i neih rihmi raulote ah theihkhawh thiam khawhmi holh cu Zaniat le Tlaisun holh a si. Mah hna he aa neih ngaimi raulote ah theih khawh thiam khawh colhmi cu Duhlian holh khi a si.

Cu holh hna he awchuahning aa khat i, cafangtung(consonant) timi biafang a thawknak cafang aa dang; nain a aw adong lei aa khatmi holh ah Tedim le Kuki holh khi an si i, Falam/Haka he an i neihning phun dangte a si ve. Cu hna he an aw chuah a vun i khat rihmi ah Matupi pawl an holh le Paletwa Khumi holh le Mro holh khi an si. Hi hna he hin kan holh kan i thiampiak tikah kan aw a

pei dih kho veve lai lo.

Zeica’htiah a (phonetics) awchuah an I khahnak a tam ngai. Paletwa holh ca Anglican Missionary nih an ser tikah a aw aa lawhnak a tam ruangah Haka ca`ial cu an lak i Haka nih a ngeih lomi aw lawng an chappiak hna. Paletwa peng Middle School ah Head-master in Saya rian ka `uan lioah ka siangngakchia cawn awk ah a sin i Paletwa Lai carel ka va cawk lio ah Paletwa Anglican Missionary Canon Francis nih a rak ka chimh balmi a si. Cu hna he a vun ineih rihmi cu Mindat peng chung hmanmi le Daipawl hmanmi le ~aung`ha timi Roungtu holh timi an si. Roungtu pawl nih hin Haka nih ‘Caw’ timi khi ‘Caw’ an ti i, ‘naa’ timi hi ‘naa’ an ti ve. Anmah he kan holh kan i thiampiak veve ahcun kan holh awchuah a pei veve kho lai lo. Hi ti awchuah aa khah caah Bongkhua holh cherhchan in Muin holh an `ialmi zong Rev. Cope nih chaklei Tedim, Falam, Haka ca `ialning cafang komhning cherhchan in `ialmi a rak si ve. Mindat pengchung cawnmi Bong Muin holh he an peng chungah aa dangmi holh cikpak tete a um len nain Mindat holh khi khuate lei tiang nih an theih dih ngawt an holh

aa khah caah a si.

Cubantuk cun Paletwa Peng zongah khin Khumi holh hi an theih dih. Mro holh he hin chikkhat ah an i thei lo nain, caantawite ah an i theih kho colh dih. Cun aw chuah dang Haka aw chuah he aa khatmi Senthang holh ah Khuapi, Sakta, Buanlung, Dongva, Thor holh ti pawl hi Haka aw he aa neih i Haka holh chim tikah an aw chuah a fawi deuh. Atu Haka ca spelling `ialning hin `ial khawh an si dih ngawt. Senthang holh ah Surkhua, Lungtar, Phaipha, Phaizong, Lungrang, cun Zophaitlang holh, Maratlang, Laututlang, Zothung khuatlang holh vialte le Haka holh hi an bia hramthawk Consonant ah Haka he aa khat na in vowel ah dannak a ngeimi an um ve dih hna. Haka aw he holh i thiampiak veve tikah aw chuah kan i harh deuh kho ve ve. Atu Haka holh `ialnak spelling hin an holh `ial khawh awk a zo dih kho lo. Cucaah international phonetics chung in vowel aw dang lakpiak chap an hau. Asho Chin holh hi Senthang, Zophai holh he aa khatmi a tam na in Mindat Matupi aw deuh an si caah Haka he holh i thiampiak veve tikah aw chuah kan I harh veve lo ding khi a si. Khuaruahhar ngai a simi cu Salai /Mai ti hna hi Zophai holh he an rak i khat.

Chinmi holh vialte a muru aa lo dih. Cucaah Chinmi nih Chinholh a cawn ahcun Chin a si lomi holh nakin a thiam an i awlh deuh. Chinmi holh pakhat cu Chinmi holh tampi aa cawhmi holh a si ruang hrim ah hin Chinmi holh panga hrawng `hate in theih ahcun Chinmi holh dang theih an i fawih ngai cang. Laimi aw dang cawimi nuva aa ummi vialte nih fanau le cu Laiholh pa hnih thum cio inn chungkhar ah thiamter dih i zuam ding hi forh le tha peek duhmi ngai a si. A si kho tukmi a si. Rev. Kip Thian Pao le an nu hi Tedim le Falam awcawi hmang an si. An nu nih amah Falam holh aw in a fale a chawnh zungzal hna. An pa nih amah Tedim lei khua holh aw in a fale a chawnh zungzal hna. An fale nih khual an umnak ah an hoi he an umnak khua paoh holh in an i chawn hna i an fale nih a nu holh he a pa holh he an umnak khua holh he holh thum li an upat tiang nuhrin holh (mother tongue) in an thiammi an `hanpi i, an thiam thai. Pu Vum Son te unau chung khi an pa cozah rian`uan in Falam ah an hmette in a ummi an si caah Falam/Haka holh cu nuhrin holh (mother tongue) in Tedim lei holh he aa khat in a chimmi an si tikah Duhlian holh zong an thiam an theih an i fawih tuk hna. Cu bantukin Falam/Haka nih Tedim holh an theih an thiam ahcun Duhlian holh theih le thiam an i awlh deuh ve.

Washington DC ah Mary nu le Mary pa hi an pa Mara aw cawi, an nu Thantlang aw cawi an si. An nule an pale nih an khua holh aw veve in an fale kha an chawnh hna. An fale nih Mara aw holh, Thantlang aw holh, Mirang holh an khual ngeihmi nih Kawl holh an chim caah Kawl holh tiah holh pali an fale nih an thiam kho.

Falam khua ah Sui Thluai nu le pa hi a khuapi in upat le dawt aa hlawh ngaimi chungkhar an si. An nu he an pa he Haka/ Thantlang holh chim an si. Asinain an nu hi Mizoram Thingsai ah WW II lio arak `hangmi a si. Cucaah Mizo holh cu a nuhrin holh (mother tongue) Thantlang-Haka holh

bantukin a chimmi a si. Cucaah an fale nih holh kip thiam hna seh tiah a nu nih a fale kha ‘Mizo holh peng in a chawnh hna. A pa nih Haka/Thantlang holh peng in a fale kha a chawnh ve hna. Anmah nuva zong cu Thantlang/Haka holh in an i chawn ko hna. An fale nih a pa kha Haka aw holh in an chawnh peng i, a nu kha Mizo aw holh in an chawnh peng. Khua lak an hoi le he an umnak khua Falam aw holh in an upat tiang an hoi le he an i chawn peng. Cu caah Thantlang/Haka, Mizo, Falam aw holh a zapi in an `hanpi i an thiam dih. Hi bantuk chungkhar hi Chinram ah an tam ngai. Kan `ial `heumi cu Dawn khua hna ahcun nu nih Haka/Thantlang, Pa nih Mizo holh aw in innchungkhar chungah an chim ti hmanh a si.

Cucaah Chinram chung ah mi tambik hmanmi Tedim, Falam, Haka, Kanpetlet-Mindat, Paletwa le Duhlian holh hi Chinmi holh dang nakin an `ha deuh an chia deuh ti ruahnak si loin, Chinmi tambik thiammi holh an si. Cu ruangah hin fale nih mah le nu le pa khua holh he mah le umnak khua holh he aa neih deuhmi hi holh paruk chungah pakhat maw pahnih maw mah le i awtmi holh hnih maw holh thum maw he thiamter dih hi i zuam ding forh ngaimi a si.

An thiam khawh le thiam khawh lo kong kha a cunglei ah chungkhar phu thum fale le chungkhar dang fale tampi nih kanmah mit hmuh hrim ah a thiam khomi an si kha tehte `ha tuk kan vun langhter cang. Hi ka chungkhar min kan `ialmi hna nih an si taktak ning Chinmi dang nih an model an i lak cio nakhnga forhnak in kan `ialmi hi a ruah kan thiampiak hna she ti zong nawlpat ngaimi asi. Zeicahdah hi tin chungkhar fanau hna nih Chinmi holh ah mah khua holh le a dang Chinholh thiam ding hi forh duhmi ngai a sining cu, hi ti Laimi holh tamdeuh a theimi le a thiammi cu an thiammi holh a chimmi hna cu holh an thiammi Chinmi kakip he hoikom ser khawh nak le zumhrei deuhnak ah hman khawhmi an si. Ramhruainak kong hna ah a lung a lutmi an si ahcun Chinram chung kakip cu anmah khuami bantuk ah ruah khawh dihnak caah caan`ha ngai lak khawh nak hmunhma ngei ah an cang kho ngai hna.

Atu ralkap cozah nih Chinmi holh kong an `ialmi khi holh aa thuatmi min dangdang in an `ialmi a um len. Cucaah Chinmi holh cu zat a um an timi khi a palh ngaimi a si. Kanmah Laimi in research tuahnak fund tangka kan ngeih i, Linguistics a lami nih Chinmi holh `eng aw dangdang cawimi hmun khat ah kawh in anmah le holh cio kha research tuah in holh aa khahning a phunphun ser le zeitluk khat dah holh khat le holh khat aa khahning zatuak (percentage) lak in holh zeizat ah dah `hen khawh asi ti tuah khawh tik lawngah a dikmi a chuak khote ding si nih a dawh bik ko.

Language timi le dialects timi zong hi dialects cu language nakin a bi deuh mi holh `eng deuh ah hmanmi an si. Cucaah Chin language a thlungpi cu a um i atu Chinmi kan chimmi holh `eng vialte cu Chin language timi a thlungpi in a `eng, a nge dialects timi lawngte ah ruahmi cu a si. Hi Chinmi mi tamdeuh theih bikmi timi panga paruk zong hi Chinholh `eng `hiam an si ko hna. Mitam thiammi a si caah holh kungpi pa-nga ruk an si hlei lo. America siangngakchia mino hi Iraq ral a um lingpi zongah ralkap ah an lut len ko. Zeica’htiah an upat tikah ralkap ah a rak `uan bal timi cu degree pakhat bantuk a si. Cu bantukin Chinmi mino siangngakchia lak zongah Chinmi holh `eng tampi a thiammi a si ti le Chinmi holh chaklei thlanglei holh a thiam timi cu degree pakhat bantuk a si; atu caan i a si tuk rih lo hmanh ah a hung si colh ding a si.